Organizational Behavior-No Fair Pay In This Place Essay Example for Free

Organizational Behavior-No Fair Pay In This Place Essay The purpose of this paper is to examine the motivational effects of pay level on worker performance. It is discusses some of the elements that contributed to the employees in Western Satellite office to express feelings of inequality. Some of these elements include academic qualifications, educational background, just to mention but a few. The paper also tackles some of the reasons why the New York worker is considered a ‘comparison other’ as opposed to the worker in Seattle. Moreover, the paper explores how the issue of inequality in the case- no fair pay in this place was either resolved or not. For instance, we find in this case that this issue was not resolved. Last but not least, the paper also examines some of the other factors that may have contributed to the dissatisfaction that was experience by the two workers. Some of these factors include; lack of communication, culture, lack of adaptability, lack of empathy, just to mention but a few. Introduction  The purpose of this paper is to examine the case study that revolves around no fair pay in the workplace and the fact that employees working from different cities receive different numerations irrespective of how much responsibility one has within the organization, their academic qualifications and the years of experience within the industry in which they are operating. (Armstrong, 2006, p. 62) Question One What are some of the elements which contributed to the employees feelings of inequality? These include educational background, years of experience, responsibilities that one has and last but not least academic qualifications. The employees were stressed with the kind of work they had to perform such as having heavy load of unhappy clients and their urgent demands, complaining customers, just to mention but a few. (Meredith, 2004, p. 2) Susan was hired based on her degree in Business Administration. She was responsible in planning, problem solving and supervising a number of employees and this included Dan Donaldson, a public relations spokesperson of the company. However, despite all these responsibilities, she received a remuneration of $30,000 per annum. This was very disappointing since she had 20 years of customer relations and supervisory know-how, not to mention the current degree that she had received in business. (Meredith, 2004, p. 3) On the contrary, Helen who was based at the headquarters in New York received $40,000 in only ten months as opposed to 12. This made Susan furious since she had no customer contact, no university education, no one to supervise and no seniority. In a nutshell, Helen had an annual salary of $48,000. (Meredith, 2004, p. 3) Pay determination may possibly have one or more objectives, which may frequently be in conflict with each other. The primary is equity, and this may take numerous forms. They comprise income distribution through reduction of inequalities, defending real earnings (purchasing power), and the notion of equal pay for work of equivalent value. Moreover, pay differentials based on differences in skills are all associated to the idea of fairness. (Deckop, 2006, p. 65) Performance pay systems in organizations are based on assessment of the personality worker, often by their line administrator who may or may not be experienced in process. Performance pay is extensively renowned as contributing to pay inequalities, predominantly in this case (New York and Seattle). (Culbert, 1996, p. 68) Question Two Why the New York worker was considered a ‘comparison other’ but not the worker in Seattle? The New York worker was considered a ‘comparison other’ because the front lines of the job were in Seattle where the client based was centered and the services were rendered. Moreover, employees at Seattle received heavy load of unhappy clients and their urgent demands while she contentedly remained in her comfort zone that was stress free. Research has recommended that some individuals are more flourishing in their careers than others even when they have had equivalent learning and experimental opportunities. One clarification for these disparities may possibly relate to differences between intellectual intelligence (IQ) and emotional intelligence (EQ). IQ measures academic competencies or one’s aptitude to use acquaintance in making decisions and adapting to innovative situations. This can best be illustrated with Helen who works in at the headquarters in New York. However, as much as she is based in New York, all the tasks are carried out in Seattle, and this means that she is not using the little experience and experimental opportunities that she acquired to perform her duties. (Lamal, 1991, p. 72) On the other hand, EQ is a measure of expressive and societal competencies or one’s aptitude to recognize expressive expressions in someone and others. Even though both can be enhanced through training and altered over time, EQ is separate from IQ in that it is one’s aptitude to standardize emotions in reaction to ecological stimulus. EQ has been popularized as an educated skill that is a superior interpreter of life success than intellectual achievement or technological aptitude. This can best be illustrated with Susan and Dan Donaldson who had superior performance, academic achievements, work experience and interpersonal skills. They had to deal with resolving customers issues on a daily basis while Helen and her fellow workers who were based in New York sat and waited for the final produce that came from Seattle. (Harris, 2001, p. 78) The workplace surroundings idea also sees entity firm level performance such as efficiency, productivity, efficiency and competitiveness; as a result of not only the sufficiency supply of human resources with suitable skills, but also a workplace surroundings that incessantly optimizes the use of these skills throughout the way work is intended and prearranged, the suitability, access and association of supports and tools to do the work, the association of decision making, rewards and appreciation for performance. The New York worker is considered a ‘comparison worker’ as opposed to the worker in Seattle since she lacks interpersonal skills, academic achievements, superior performance, just to mention but a few. Despite all these, she is considered the best just because she is based at the head office located in New York. (Bate, 1994, p. 81) On the other hand, the Seattle worker who has all the necessary qualities such as work experience, interpersonal skills and academic qualifications; is looked down upon just because she is operating in Seattle. (Meredith, 2004, p. 2) Question Three  How was the inequality resolved? The inequality was not resolved at all. As a matter of fact, once Mr. James commented that nobody said that it was fair and rather, that was how the staff in New York are remunerated, that was the end of the discussion. Mr. James did not validate his statement, neither did he explain why that was the case. Instead, he was interested in how Susan found out about Helen’s salary. (Meredith, 2004, p. 3) Participation in the labor force is usually regarded as an important measurement of equality. Having a job is significant to individuals. Jobs are a numerically important starting point for livelihoods. They are also significant proportions of social respect, acknowledgment, individuality and self esteem. Even though the sources and solutions for increasing inequality are multifaceted and open to dispute, the corporeal and psychosomatic penalties are real and straightforward. (Mathis, 2006, p. 99) It is understandable that we require more than legislation, bylaw and exacting programs to generate a diverse workforce usual in association. We also need customs of understanding the challenges. This mean examination of ‘what goes wrong’. Both the need for continuous coercive dealings and the phenomena of the turning door or equity tell us regarding the pervasive and systemic character of the status quo in workforce composition and in the organization and conduct of business and government. (Max, 204, p. 104) When individuals talk concerning inequality, they tend to center completely on the proceeds part of the equation. According to the case- no fair pay in this place, there is the gap between the employees in New York and Seattle and this is based on remuneration amongst the employees. (Armstrong, 2006, p. 8) The verification of increasing disparity in the United States and around the globe is both obvious and disturbing. As power, capital, and probability are increasingly concerted in the hands of the extremely few, this age of â€Å"haves† and â€Å"have not† is connected with a wide range of unenthusiastic outcomes for faraway too countless. A good illustration is seen in the case-no fair pay in this place, where Western Satellite Office workers are experiencing inequality problems based on remuneration since they are not based in New York where the head office is situated. They are the ones who experience customer service problems since each and every customer wants to be served and at the end of the day, they feel so stressed and worn out, yet when it comes to remuneration they receive less than what the worker in New York receive. This is not fair since the worker in New York doesn’t experience the pressure that the Seattle worker receives. (Lamal, 1991, p. 106 Question Four What are the other factors which may have contributed to the dissatisfaction experienced by these two workers? Culture A managerial culture affects how the company performs. Culture is the behavior of a group of individuals. This consists of; the beliefs, civilization, acquaintance and practices. Individuals depend on it for security, evenness and the ability to act in response in a given circumstance. (Harris, 2001, p. 92) According to this case, the reason why Helen and Susan received different remuneration was because Helen was situated at the head office in New York. This was the culture of that organization that was based on the location of the city. Therefore, Susan having been situated at Seattle was bound on her $30,000 per annum, and this was regardless of her qualifications. (Meredith, 2004, p. 3) Lack of Communication Generally, lack of communication on the part of the boss contributes to the displeasure among the workers in the association. Communication problems are a purpose of message and organizational procedure, and managerial factors. Effectual communication of performance requirements to all workers will reduce the number of complaints and grievances. Nonattendance of this communication domino effect in workers not performing. For instance in our case, when Susan was about to present her case, Mr. James had already predicted and he simply brushed the matter off by making a comment concerning the issue. He didn’t give room for discussion concerning that matter; neither did he give an explanation nor a satisfactory solution. This resulted to laxity among the workers in the western satellite office. (Bate, 1994, p. 98) By not communicating well enough, Mr.  James avoided to get into dialogue concerning important issues such as, the reason why employees in New York receiving a higher pay as opposed to employees in Seattle. This made him appear unavailable and uncaring to Susan and the employees of Western Satellite Office; this resulted in hurting teamwork spirit and cooperation within the organization. (Deckop, 2006, p. 110) Lack of Self awareness and accurate self-assessment Without self awareness and self-assessment, Mr. James was too quick to brush off the matter that Susan had presented to him. He was unable to accept useful feedback, and he didn’t have a realistic awareness of his strengths or limitations. As a result, it created problems in their work relationships and in their personal relationships. (Culbert, 1996, p. 115) Lack of Empathy When leaders fail to demonstrate sufficient empathy in times of hesitation or crisis, they will probable be seen as unresponsive, hardhearted and in-authentic- all of which will make workers be less supportive and less communicative. The boss may be left feeling misunderstood, and will have complexity â€Å"reading† their workers. This is exactly what Mr. James did and as a result, Susan’s ability to work drastically diminished and she became less concerned with her duties and responsibilities in the workplace. (Mathis, 2006, p. 120) Lack of Adaptability Without elasticity and adaptableness, Mr. James responded negatively to the core issue that was troubling his employee Susan. This revealed emotional strain to Susan since she had to shift priorities; expressed frustration with change; had difficulties adapting Mr.  James responses and tactics to fit the emerging circumstance; and ultimately she was hesitant in taking on new challenges. (Max, 2004, p. 126) Lack of self-management Without good self management, Mr. James reacted precipitately when he predicted that there was bound to be conflict at work. This made him respond to problems in a non-constructive manner that resulted to unwanted consequences such as laxity amongst the employees (Susan). (Harris, 2001, p. 118) Conclusion  In a civilized workplace, individuals who work well ought to be rewarded through decent pay, endorsement and new opportunities, the possibility to build up new skills, admiration from coworker and management, and the individual gratification and satisfaction that comes from doing a job well. Culture determines the type of management, communication, and cluster dynamics within the association. The employees usually recognize this as the excellence of work life which directs their measure of motivation. The concluding outcome is generally performance, human being satisfaction, individual growth and expansion. All these rudiments unite to build the model or structure that the association operates from. However, all these elements are not revealed in our case since Mr. James chose not to allow room for discussion. He lacked communication skills and empathy and as a result, there was poor turnover in Susan’s output. Generally, in an organization, employers should be open with their employees and allow a forum for discussion and participation. For instance in this case, Mr.  James would have allowed Susan to present her queries and later on try to explain to her why the workers in New York had to receive a better pay than workers in Seattle. Moreover, there should be restructuring of some of the rules in Western Satellite Office and promote job enrichment. This will facilitate enlargement of the individuals within the association, better worker performance for the association, there will be maximum use of human resources for the general public at large (both in New York and Seattle), enlargement of the individual, and self-actualization of the individual.

Leadership Of Sultan Said Bin Sultan 1804 1856 History Essay

Leadership Of Sultan Said Bin Sultan 1804 1856 History Essay In history there are good examples of leadership. Models can be studied and analyzed so that we can draw to the successful leadership. The report will discuss the biography of Sultan Said bin Sultan, as a leader. The period of the reign of Leadership Sultan Said bin Sultan who ruled Oman, from 1804 to 1856, the greatest period in the history of Oman in terms of growth and prosperity. Sultan Said was the greatest person in the nineteenth century ruled Oman. Oman became in the reign of Sultan Said empire stretched from Bandar Abbas on the coast of the Arabian Gulf to the port of Zanzibar on the east coast of Africa, in addition to some islands in the Arabian Gulf, Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean, including the Comoros. Report will give Sultan Said background, his experience, the analysis of Sultan Said achievements, his Styles of leadership, and ethics, capabilities of our leader. In the end, will be the conclusion. Why choosing Sultan Said To write an excellent report on the leadership hesitated to choose the best leadership. I was interested in history, especially history of Oman. I did not find a better Leadership than Sultan Said bin Sultan which is the greatest ruler of Oman in the modern era. The long reign of Sultan Said bin Sultan, over fifty-two years has a lot of events and experiences. The Empire ruled by him was distant and different races and religions. So I wanted to analysis the experience of leadership Sultan Said to be as useful in the leading of governance. Background of Sultan Said (1776 à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 1856) Sultan bin Said was born According to the author Holly (1985) in the town (Alghabra) in the governorate of Muscat in 1776.The Sultan Said bin Sultan, a grandson of the founder of the ruling family in Oman from 1741. He assumed power after the death of his father, Sultan Ahmed bin Sultan. Sultan bin Said, took the reins of power in Oman in 1806. As a child Said bin Sultan at that time studied the holy of Koran and the Arabic language with specialists teachers. Also Said studied the history, literature and read history books to know great leaders and nation history. He defined political and management of government through his father, Sultan Ahmed bin Sultan. Sultan Said had three wives legitimacies only, according to Islamic law the right man to marry four women at the same time Ruth (1988). Tow of his wives from Persia and the third wifes the daughter of his uncle her name Azza Bint Saif. Azza has been the only legal wife until his death. In addition to his wives had a number of different nationalities of the women maids in royal palace born to him, dozens of boys and girls. Whos inherited him were about seventy heirs of boys and girls. Sultan Said died in 1856 in aboard on his ship Victoria during the trip from Oman to Zanzibar, near the Seychelles Islands, and was buried in Zanzibar Holly (1985). His experience Sultan Said was the greatest personality in the nineteenth century ruled Oman. Sultan Said was able by his experience as leadership governed an empire stretching from Oman to Bandar Abbas on the coast of the Arabian Gulf to the port of Zanzibar on the east coast of Africa, in addition to some islands in the Arabian Gulf, the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean, including in the Comoros. Ruth (1988). Sultan Said was able to gain the loyalty and satisfaction citizens. He was a modest leader. Sultan Said had long experience in rule extended about fifty-two years. Sultan Said benefited from the experience of leadership during the reign of his father Sultan. As the military leader, he was a brave leader is personally leading the most of the fighting. He was a veteran diplomat was able to establish relations with major countries in the world. Sultan Said was a commercial mentality was able to develop the financial resources of his state. The era of Sultan Said was the golden period in modern history. In the era of Sultan Said economic life flourished. Race has coexisted Arabs, Africans, Asians and other potentially well. The concept of the economy in the era of Sultan Said bin Sultan depends on the development of free trade with the various nations. Sultan Said built a huge commercial fleet backed naval force. Sultan Said distinct commercial relations with China, East Asia, India, Sri Lanka, Iran and other countries. Ruth (1988). The Analysis of Sultan Said Known in the past that the leadership of a hereditary nature. Leaders are born not make. With the emergence of concepts of equality and democracy, has begun a new concept of leadership. The leaders are born not make. Leadership can be learned and acquired. In the end have great man theory. The leaders people with unusual features and abilities to shape events and change the situation. There are a number of personal traits such as: the magnitude of the body, intelligence, confidence and control Huczynski and Buchanan (2007) Functional theories focus on the functions of leadership how the behavior of the leader affects and is affected by a group of his followers Huczynski and Buchanan (2007). It focuses on the nature of the group and subordinates. It is believed that leadership skills can be learned, developed and improved. Situational and contingency theories focus in the leader appears in certain situations, because he who with the best situations to lead the group. Situations as the theory had three components: the leader, the situations and followers. The situation is the installation of interpersonal relationship within the group. Situation will change if the group changed targets. Leadership based on: situation, confidence, habits, traditions and circumstances of the group Huczynski and Buchanan (2007) In assessing the biography of the Leadership must refer to the time he was living and environment his inception. After the death of his father, Said bin Sultan was thirteenth years, He found himself front of his cousin Bader, who wanted power. Where can be the killer or murdered. He has chosen the first option if he wants to sustain life and power. He is believed that leadership skills can be learned developed and improved Huczynski and Buchanan (2007). Those, the person can become a leader in the group by achieved goals. Posts associated with the choice of target and identify ways to achieve the objective. The reign of Sultan Said bin Sultan start in 1804, grandson of the founder of the ruling family El Busaid in Oman the brighter times that Oman experienced during the nineteenth century. The most prosperous despite the many difficulties encountered in building state. Sultan Said bin Sultan, one of the most prominent figures in the family El Busaid, which played a role in the history of Oman and the Gulf and East Africa. Ruth (1988). Sultan Said found his predecessors have on the East coast of Africa kind of sovereignty ambiguous. The Sultan Said ruling became active not nominal. Sultan Said vision and intelligence was able to make real sovereignty in East Africa. Oman became in the reign of Sultan Said wide Empire. So that all areas between Bandar Abbas, on the east coast of the Arabian Gulf to the port of Zanzibar on the east coast of Africa, the influence of Oman. In addition to the many islands in the Gulf as well as the entrance to the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean including Comoros was under the influence of Oman. There are a number of personal traits such as: the magnitude of the body, intelligence, confidence and control Huczynski and Buchanan (2007).Can be reached from the Traits theory, the Sultan Said bin Sultan successes combines a leader as above-mentioned theories. On this basis, the successful leader is able to combine traditional qualities and skills gained in the leadership. Sultan Said governance inherited from his father. The Sultan Said to prove that the commander was able to develop features and gain experience in running the country. Sultan Said was marked on morality, reverence and attractive personality. The Sultan Said has great potential to affect around him and raising their respect and admiration for him. Sultan Said was able to gain the loyalty and satisfaction citizens. He was a modest leader. Holly (1985). Characterized the Sultan Said, can be loved him and frightens him at the same time, many and varied aspects of his personality. He was character, combining capacity and minimalist. Sultan Said was mixed in his actions as the situation, acumen, compassion, tolerance, firmness, violence, cruelty and revenge. Italian doctors Vensenzo (Roth. (1988)), who worked in the service of Sultan Said, described as handsome man, moderate strength, the skin is bright, good character, Debonair and of a broad vision. The Sultan Said bin Sultan, who ruled more than half a century a wide range in the Gulf and Indian Ocean, moving between the property in Oman and the African coast. Sultan Said believed how the behavior of the leader affects and is affected by a group of his followers. He focuses on the nature of the group and subordinates. In the last years of his rule, he would have preferred justice as long as possible in Zanzibar so that can oversee his property in coast of Africa. He had a very broad relationship with the leaders of African tribes and the kings of provinces and islands, which many could not control, such as Madagascar and others. Therefore, the saying goes (Roth. (1988)) If were banged drums Sultan of Zanzibar, dancing by members of the African Lakes. Sultan Said was interested the needs of subordinates comfort increate a comfortable working environment. Sultan Said gives subordinates area to participate in decision-making. Sultan provides subordinates the procedures and expectations clear. Sultan Said was set to defy their subordinates goals, helping to develop their confidence and reassure them their leader. According to (Ruth (1988) Sultan Said was simple person. He wearied simple clothing, where was difficult to distinguish between him and any of the population of Muscat. He was wearing cotton Dashdashh and above it wool coat and put over his head a turban. His daughter Salamh said (Ruth (1988) he was front the God, he was the good example of reverence and piety, he was a simple and modest. He was far from the superiority and arrogance and estrangement. He went by himself to a section of slaves to congratulate them equal to or novelty in mourning. The Sultan Said bin Sultan, had been able to establish commercial and military fleet, which was able to maintain this state. It also managed to establish international relations with Egypt, some European countries and the United States of America (Holly (1995). The functions of the group are measures of leadership. There are two functional identified are linked to the achievement of leadership: goal and the preservation, which the Sultan chive it. Sultan Said genius leader when he chose Zanzibar in 1833 Holly (1995). To be the capital of East Africa, after the successful transition from a small island to a source of political, economic and cultural and mid-east Africa. Enable the Omani in the presence of his Mogadishu from the north to Cape Delgado in the south east coast. Omani also extended influence in the north-western direction to the Kingdom of Buganda and the west as far as Upper Congo (now Zaire). Sultan Said known as Lord of the Seas he has sailed long and many distance (Ruth (1988). Sultan Said sent his ship Omani (sultana) to the United States of America, carrying the first Omani ambassador. The envoy was the first Arab to reach the United States also sent a Sultana ship to Britain to confirm diplomatic relations with it. Most researchers have praised the wise leadership in the leadership of his empire. Sultan Said bin Sultan had agreements with 22 countries and the exchange of letters with 33 countries. He treated other countries the principle of reciprocity. He distanced his country from becoming involved in international problems at that time. Sultan Said stability the government of Oman (Holly (1995), despite the ambitions and foreign conspiracies. Sultan Said been able to maintain the independence of his countrys balance of using diplomacy over military force in order to reach its objectives. Sultan Said was coordinated between the parties his wide country to guide their work toward the goal. Promote the highest level of performance efficiency and effectiveness. Sultan Said overcome the obstacles and personal conflicts between the royal families (Ruth (1988). This requires the Sultan Said permanent contact with the constantly reminded of the motivation for cooperation. Sultan was working to create a team spirit integrated united goals and aspirations. Sultan Said has not a large military force. He was Dealer. Therefore, survival in power was to receive the consent of the people and leaders. He has taken a new approach in giving the mandate authorities. Oman relies on a large commercial fleet. Experts considered the second largest fleet in the Indian Ocean at that time (Ruth (1988). Support the commercial fleet naval force distinct. Sultan Said bin Sultan, the economy developed his empire in East Africa in addition to the extensive trade with China, South East Asia, India, Sri Lanka and Iran. (Holly (1995). The Sultan has the vision and future plans, when planting the cultivation of cloves in Zanzibar. As, a commercial crop in several farms created on the ground of African, also provided assistance of European explorers, who have disclosures in Africa during the first half of the nineteenth century. Styles of Sultan Said Leadership styles can be divided into three Styles: the democratic leadership, authoritarian leadership and Laissez-faire leadership. democratic leadership based on the principles of consolation and persuasion to influence people. Authoritarian leadership based on tyranny and oppression. As authoritarian leadership, style resort to intimidation of followers to harm them. authoritarian leadership adopts policy maneuver and decision-making. Laissez-faire leadership shows in this type of leadership, when he leaves the decision-making for his followers and implementing the decisions Huczynski and Buchanan (2007). When the Sultan Said assumed power the rule was a hereditary monarchy. Sultan Said might be collecting three styles of leadership some time. As required by the situation and the politics need at that time. But can say Sultan Said was inclined to approach democracy in the governance of the country. Sultan said had Council met with senior commanders and advisers. The Sultan had public council which was held on Friday and Monday each week, the first meeting in the morning, and the second meeting in the evening(Ruth (1988). The right of every citizen is required to meet individually with the Sultan if he had found a special requirement in his embarrassment to all. As we know that the Sultan has the wide country. So it was authorizing governors appointed by the administration areas. When he adopted Zanzibar as second capital for him in 1832, (Holly (1995), when he is in Zanzibar delegate to administrate the Government of Oman to his son Thowani. The opposite will happen, when he is in Oman delegate administration of the Government of Zanzibar to his son Majed (Ruth (1988). Some people said that the behavior of the Sultan is a courtesies east. He wanted their fame and emerging. On the contrary, the Sultan was simple in his life and clothing. The citizens consider him a father. Sultan Said palace doors were opened for citizens and delegations each day. He used to receive people in the palace with kindness and listen to their complaints Ruth. (1988). Sultan Said was an effective problem-solving. Sultan did not hesitate to move quickly in the country when crises arise. He was able to develop plans and strategies and effective decision-making. Ethics and the capabilities of Sultan Said Diversify sources of leadership and literature. The authorities granted to the leaders and vary in scope and impact. Leader needs to skills based on his character and qualities. Successful leader needs skills to ensure the success of its functions. The most important of those Ethics and the capabilities: Leader learning and training: the leader has to be a coach. Leader shows the potential of each followers member to training under his supervision. It creates enthusiasm and confidence to help him to carry out his duties. Sultan preferred choice of strong leaders and empowered to manage areas (Holly (1995). Then give them sufficient powers and give them opportunities to develop themselves through their experiences and take advantage of their mistakes. Leader like the work: man is inherently lazy. Sultan Said was dominated by followers who wish to work. Sultan retained the eminent personalities to selected ministers, advisers and judges who help referees in the conduct of the State( Ruth. (1988). . Sense of responsibility: the difference between the human and machines is a sense of responsibility. Followers are passionate about the duties if it gave them as social service. Sultan Said was a successful businessman who extended trade from the coasts of China in the east to the west coast of America profits promised by wide Ruth. (1988) Profits did not keep him out of politics and governance. Organizing: The duty of leader is organizing the tasks to followers as possibilities. The leader is suspended direct efforts to reach the goal. Sultan said the division of responsibilities and functions between his followers as competencies, expertise, capabilities and aspirations. So, able Sultan Said to rule wide empire (Holly (1995). Ethics of quell resistance: Perhaps some negative resistance in the country. The leader here expects trouble before they occurred so they do not have to put down after they arise. Sultan said was on the conduct of a private matter, far from Amman. He was often forced to leave Zanzibar to address the problems arising in Oman to resolution. He has long period in Zanzibar. The Ethics of observation: Sultan Said believed the necessary for leader to observation follower. That the duty for the leader. Thats easy for giving orders to supervise the implementation. Do not show characteristics of the leader only when observation of implementation. The Ethics of cooperation with the other leaders: A member of the group does not belong to one or farm workers exploited by the leader of her own. But men are gathering goal. And share both as potential trouble. They do not work in the service of one person but home. Sultan Said was discussed with his leaders in the decision-making task during the morning meetings, both in Muscat or Zanzibar. Sultan discusses to resolve the problems of the spirit of collective autistic. Ruth. (1988). Weaknesses of the Sultan Said Many researchers said because of the problems and unrest continued in Oman and the Gulf. That makes Sultan Said turn to East Africa, which led to losing areas power of the Gulf, (Holly (1995). Second issue, there was other case similar events in history. Sultan Said has not been appointed crown prince in advance. Civil war seizes power between the heirs of the Sultan. The war threatened the Omani State Asian and African collapse. Foreign powers interfere in this issue Ruth. (1988). Omani empire was divided into two parts, Oman and Zanzibar. Zanzibar so separated from Oman. Omani peoples ruled Zanzibar until 1964. Conclusion Useful to conclude this report by saying that, Sultan Said bin Sultan was Leader. Sultan Said smart politician and a great leader. Oman became in his reign empire stretched from Bandar Abbas on the coast of the Arabian Gulf to the port of Zanzibar on the east coast of Africa, in addition to some islands in the Arabian Gulf, Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean, including the Comoros, Sultan Said bin Sultan is all seriousness and respects deserve to examine a model as leadership. References Holly, D. (1995).Oman .London: Stains published Ministry of Information. (1995). Oman in History. London: Immel Publishing Ruth, Rudolf Said. (1988).Sayyed Said bin Sultan 1791 1856 .Bruit: Arab House Johnson, H. (1997). Oman a pictorial Resuscitation .Hong Kong Hall, R. (1999). Empires of the Monsoon. Abu dubi: Emeriti studies. Abass, A. (1981). Groups and Leadership. Cairo Posner, Kouzes. (2003). The Leadership challenge. Third edition Huczynski, A. and Buchanan, D. (2007). Organizational Behavior. 6th edition. London: Prentice Hall Grint, K. (April 2008). Leadership, task and relationship. Human Resource Management Journal, 18, 188 à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 195. Goleman, d. and Boyatzis, R. (Sep. 2008) Intelligence and Biology of Leadership, Harvard Business Review, 74 à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 78. 09:19 Appendix: photo Sultan Said bin Sultan from 1776 à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 1856 (photo)

Ralph Waldo Emerson Essay -- essays research papers

Ralph Waldo Emerson Properly Acknowledged by Ralph Waldo Emerson certainly took his place in the history of American Literature . He lived in a time when romanticism was becoming a way of thinking and beginning to bloom in America, the time period known as The Romantic Age. Romantic thinking stressed on human imagination and emotion rather than on basic facts and reason. Ralph Waldo Emerson not only provided plenty of that, but he also nourished it and inspired many other writers of that time. "His influence can be found in the works of Henry David Thoreau, Herman Melville, Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson, Henry James, and Robert Frost.". No doubt, Ralph Waldo Emerson was an astute and intellectual man who influenced American Literature and has rightly received the credit that he deserves from historians. He has been depicted as a leading figure in American thought and literature, or at least ranks up there with the very best. But there is so much more to Ralph Waldo Emerson when we consider the personal hardships that he had to endure during the course of his life and when we see the type of man that he becomes. He certainly was a man of inspiration who knew how to express himself by writing the best of poems and philosophical ideas with inspiration. To get an idea of how Ralph Waldo Emerson might have become such an inspiration to the people, some background on his life is essential. Can you imagine living a life with all your loved ones passing away one by one? A persons life could collapse into severe depression, lose hope, and lose meaning. He can build a morbid outlook on life. Ralph Waldo Emerson suffered these things. He was born on May 25, 1803 and entered into a new world, a new nation just beginning. Just about eight years later, his father would no longer be with him, as William Emerson died in 1811. The Emerson family was left to a life marked by poverty. Ralph's mother, Ruth, was left as a widow having to take care of five sons. However, Ralph's life seemed to carry on smoothly. He would end up attending Harvard College and persue a job of teaching full time. While teaching as a junior pastor of Boston's Second Church, his life gained more meaning when he married Ellen Louisa Tucker. Journal entries and love letters he wrote at that time expressed lots of feelings and emo... ...l ideas ever created. His famous essays are "History," "Art," "The Poet," and the famous "Self-Reliance." He gathered his essays into two volumes. The first was released in 1841, and the second was released in 1844. Poems however, also made Emerson's reputation as a erudite man. His poems were enjoyable as well as thought provoking to many. "Each and All," was a poem that supported his beliefs. "The Rhodora," as well as "The Humble Bee," and "The Snow Storm," touched on the greatness of nature. Emerson also expressed himself through poems such as "Uriel," "The Problem," "The Sphinx," and the well-known "Days." Many of these works of Emerson have taken there place in the history of American literature. Thus, we now see what truly a great man Emerson was. We gain a deep respect for him when we consider the hardships that he had to face, how he endured those problems, and the minds that he opened and touched by his wonderful works. In conclusion, we can truly say that Emerson is well deserving of the credit he received from historians.

PepsiCo managerial methods Essay examples -- GCSE Business Marketing C

PepsiCo managerial methods I chose to look at PepsiCo Inc.’s managerial methods. I analyzed the companies organizational mission, ethics management and internet strategy. PepsiCo is a company with many different segments. The one company includes Pepsi-Cola brands, Tropicana brands, and Frito-Lay brands. Each section of the company has about ten to fifteen different brands in it. The management strategies cover all of the segments of the company. PepsiCo Inc.’s mission statement is as follows: â€Å"PepsiCo's overall mission is to increase the value of our shareholder's investment. We do this through sales growth, cost controls and wise investment of resources. We believe our commercial success depends upon offering quality and value to our consumers and customers; providing products that are safe, wholesome, economically efficient and environmentally sound; and providing a fair return to our investors while adhering to the highest standards of integrity.† I think that this mission statement is good because it focuses not only the success of the product, but also the success of the companies investors (including shareholders, which shows the company wishes success for it’s consumers as well). It also clearly states how the company believes it can achieve its mission, through sales growth, cost controls, and wise investment. These are the three main jobs of the management to maintain PepsiCo’s success. I don’t think that anything about their mission statement needs to be changed. I think everything is very clearly stated and it is persuasive in the sense that by reading it, a person can feel like the company knows what is best for them and it’s consumers at the same time. PepsiCo has many different ethics management policies. The two main ethics the company focuses on are the environmental commitment, and the minority/women business enterprises. Because the company produces food and beverages, PepsiCo does not have major environmental problems like a heavy industry does. The companies largest challenge when it comes to the environment is packaging for the products. The company recycle, reuses and reduces packaging whenever possible. Each individual business within the company is responsible for resources required in manufacturing to reduce waste as much as possible. PepsiCo has a â€Å"Environmental Commitment†... ...e of the largest online-off-line promotions ever. I think that PepsiCo has the internet covered fairly well. It is very easy for consumers to find their sites and PepsiStuff.com was an extra bonus for the consumers to get something back from the company. I also think that with the promotions that Pepsi has incorporate their website well. The latest contests with sodas have mostly all required the consumer to go online to see if they won or to look for contest details. I don’t think that it would be necessary for PepsiCo to add much to their internet strategy because they aren’t known as an internet company. They are all over television, radio and magazines, and I don’t really feel that internet marketing would add much to the already nationally known company. I think, from what I learned of PepsiCo, that they have good management techniques that don’t need much revision. It’s fairly obvious by just looking at the company that they have succeed with things the way they have been all along. PepsiCo is a strong company who I believe will be a success for a long time to come. Bibliography PepsiCo Inc. 2001 Minority/Women Business Development Frito-Lay 2001

Alan Greenspan :: Essays Papers

Alan Greenspan Since Alan Greenspan became chairman of the FED, the country's economy has reflected many positive results. He has done a terrific job. Allan is a very bright man who is always thinking of ways to prevent problems before they happen in the economic sector of the nation. All economists have been very content with his job just until now. In a recent Time magazine article called Is That Really You, Allan?disapproval about some new rules that this man has suggested for the economy have been highly critized. The first new rule that Alan proposed was to keep down with producivity. In the article he responds to this new rule by saying that too much efficiency pushes demand and becomes inflationary. This meaning that too much is produced and stock prices are getting higher. When this happens people begin to feel very wealthy and start to buy and buy like crazy. This is something that can cause major inflation in a future. Alan's second rule is to keep stock market prices not rising more than 5% to 6%. Greenspan comments that this has to be done because shares should rise only as fast as the rest of the economy. These two new rules proposed by Alan are mainly to protect the country from inflation and many economists and other people don't understand it. The article also reflects that many people think that Alan is doing the wrong thing. This is mainly because they are not getting the economic benefits they wish and are not thinking about the country's economic future. A very clear example is given in this article as well. The chief economist of the Deutsche Bank, Edward Yardeni states that, "If the wealth effect continues to boost demand, then why can't productivity continue to boost supply?" I really think that this comment was really said in an angry and ambitious way. This is an economist of a bank and should really try to understand that what Alan is trying to do is right. I also think this man is seeking only his own benefits. The chairman's decisions have brought many investors to worry. But just as Edward Yardeni, all these people are only thinking about the harm these rules will bring to their own selves. They are not aware that what Alan is doing is taking precautions so inflation will not invade the economy in the coming years.

Education in Allegory of the Cave

It is usually said that education is the key to success. This saying amplifies the focus on success and hinders the complexity of education. In The Allegory of the Cave, Plato exploits Darkness, intermediacy and Enlightenment to demonstrate education as a complex journey of achieving knowledge. Through exploring Allegory of the cave, the first stage of education is darkness. Darkness is figuratively where one is obstructed from gaining knowledge.Plato high lights this point and writes, â€Å"—human beings living in an underground den, which has a mouth open towards the light and reaching all along den; here they have been from childhood, and have their legs and necks chained so that they cannot move, and can only see before them, being prevented by chains from turning around their heads. † ( ¶ 1) When the prisoners are in the darkness, this symbolizes their ignorance and lack knowledge. Although there is always a way that leads to gaining knowledge, there are obstacle s that prevent the prisoners from pursuing knowledge.The exit that leads to the â€Å"light† shows that there is a way that leads to gaining knowledge. The â€Å"legs and necks† being bound demonstrates the obstacles that are preventing the prisoners from pursuing knowledge which limits them to be short sighted and only see what is â€Å"before them†. Darkness is the initial stage in education that is hindering the prisoners from gaining knowledge. Darkness led to a stage of intermediacy that involves challenges and adjusting from ignorance to knowledgeable.Plato continues, â€Å"—if the prisoners are released and disabused of their error. At first, when any of them is liberated and compelled to suddenly stand up and turn his neck around and walk and look towards the light, he will suffer sharp pains; the glare will distress him and he will be unable to see the realities—â€Å" ( ¶ 15) When Darkness is figuratively gone and there are no obstacl e, the prisoner has a weak excuse not to pursue knowledge. When the prisoner is breaking from inertia by standing up, the prisoner experiences â€Å"sharp pains. This reveals the resistance to change that the prisoner has from being ignorant to being knowledgeable. The â€Å"glare† afflicting the prisoner announces that the prisoner was figuratively in darkness before and the â€Å"distress† the prisoner experiences is the process of learning. The intermediate stage in education is a learning stage of adjusting from ignorance. Through intermediacy was the rise of enlightenment. Enlightenment symbolizes a phase where knowledge is gained and one is completely informed.Towards the end of â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave† Plato writes, â€Å"Last of all he will be able to see the sun, and not mere reflections of him in the water, but he will see him in his own proper place, and not in another; and he will contemplate him as he is. † ( ¶ 23) In â€Å"The All egory of the Cave†, the hierarchy of light shows the â€Å"sun† to be at metaphorically the highest level. The prisoner having the ability to catch sight of the â€Å"sun† reveals that he is enlightened, thus he has gained knowledge to comprehend.The prisoner also experiences a completely new perspective due to the knowledge he gained. Enlightenment is the final complex stage in education where one obtains knowledge. Throughout â€Å"The Allegory of the Cave†, The process of achieving knowledge is through darkness, intermediacy and enlightenment. Darkness consists of barriers that interfere with one pursuit of knowledge. Intermediacy is a learning stage that leads to enlightenment of gaining knowledge. Plato affirmed education as a derange journey.

Firsthand experience Essay

Happiness comes in all shapes and sizes. What makes you happy may not make someone else happy. The idea of happiness may not be the same for any two people, or maybe not for anyone you come across with. Happiness is an emotion causes by thousands of things. It is an abstract idea that cannot be fully described. What makes you happy changes as you get older, you do not like the same things your whole life so it is normal that your interests start to change. Like mentioned before not everyone has the same interests and cannot feel happiness from the same things. From firsthand experience I can say that I am the perfect example of finding different happiness. They have changed from my years in elementary school, middle school, and high school. Let’s start with elementary school. When I was in elementary school what brought me happiness was having time to spend at my friend’s house after school. Because I lived far away from the school that I attended I didn’t really know anyone in my neighborhood. There were days though that my parents would let me go to a friend’s house and stay there for a few hours while they got out of work. I didn’t have to be at my grandma’s house bored so that made me really happy, and I had a lot of fun while I was there so that made it even better. Another thing that made me feel happiness was being able to go two days out of the week to band practice. I liked being able to play my instrument and making beautiful sound come out of something so little. Playing with the band was my thing I could not stop smiling and feeling all this joy inside as I played. When the director put his arms up and signaled us to start playing was so thrilling knowing that we were about to make beautiful music all together. I think back and see how simple things made me really happy as a child. Now let’s talk about middle school. While I was in middle school I was still in band and yes it still brought me happiness. The main thing that brought me happiness while I was in middle school was being a little more free from home and my parents. If I remember correctly it was seventh grade that I went to my first dance, you can imagine my excitement. When I was at the dance my friends and I were having a great time, we were laughing and dancing the whole time. Because it was my first dance it was a very fun time, and it brought so much happiness to be able to share that experience with my friends. When I was in high school all of my interests changed and even now I have the same interests. I found my passion for singing so I auditioned to join the school choir and I made it. Being in choir class was the best thing that I did when I was in high school. The happiness that I felt when I walked into that class every day I have no words to describe it. To top it all off when I started to sing and hear the chords we would all make together gave me the chills. There was not a single day that passed where hearing myself and others around me sing was not magical. When I would have a bad day I waited for third period to talk into class grab my folder from my cubic and start to sing and just forget about everything. Music was my escape from being upset, it was the way for me to forget about what was going on in my life. The happiness I felt was so great, even now I turn to music for help and comfort. In conclusion, happiness is an abstract emotion that cannot be easily defined. Not everyone feels happiness in the exact same way or from the same things. But no matter where our happiness comes from we all feel it. We feel it as kids, as teenagers, and as adults. Even though what causes us happiness may change the characteristics of it do not. The smile, the giggle, and the butterflies in your stomach do not disappear. From firsthand experience I know that we all go through phases, but not matter how old we get, we are always going to be happy.